Multi-Objective Optimization of CNC Turning Process for C45 Steel Using Analytic Hierarchy Process Method

This research focuses on the multi-objective optimization of the CNC turning process for C45 steel, with the objectives of minimizing surface roughness (Ra), reducing cutting time (Tc), and increasing material removal rate (MRR). The study conducted nine experiments, considering three process parameters: cutting speed (Vc) in meters per minute, feed rate (fz) in millimeters per revolution, and cutting depth (ap) in millimeters. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology was employed to determine the optimal set of process parameters. The experiments were designed and executed to investigate the effects of different combinations of cutting speed, feed rate, and cutting depth on the performance measures. Surface roughness, cutting time, and MRR were measured and analyzed to evaluate the impact of the process parameters on the overall performance of the turning process. The AHP technique was applied to prioritize the process parameters based on their relative importance in achieving the desired objectives. By employing the AHP method, the optimal set of process parameters was determined, which resulted in the simultaneous improvement of surface roughness, cutting time, and MRR. The findings of this study contribute to the field of CNC turning optimization by providing insights into the relationships between process parameters and performance measures. The AHP methodology demonstrates its effectiveness in solving multi-objective optimization problems, enabling manufacturers to achieve improved productivity and quality in CNC turning operations.