A Stepwise Infection and Immunity Strategies to Prevent and Treat an Emerging Infection |Biomedgrid

Global warming, transportation and urbanization expose humans to novel pathogens for emerging infections arising from microbial mutation, vector-borne and/or zoonotic transmission. We have experienced and studied immunopathogenesis of 4 emerging infections including enterovirus 71 encephalitis, dengue hemorrhagic fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and novel influenza A(H1N1) in the past 2 decades. Based on our studies and references from literature, here, we have summarized a stepwise infection and immunity regimens to prevent and treat an emerging infection. A consensus to monitor virus-host-environment interactions in the global village is the most important thing, particularly the potential mutants of emerging RNA viruses and herd immunity of risk populations, poultries, vectors and wild animals. In this article, we provide a stepwise infection and immunity strategies to make an emerging infection preventable and treatable by monitoring virus-host-environment interactions, developing vaccines, anti-virus agents and/or immunotherapies.