Про українсько-баскійські лексичні паралелі, Або баскійські сліди в українському лексиконі

The article is devoted to an ambiguous and problematic issue related to UkrainianBasque linguistic ties. By lexical parallels (they can also be called conditional isoglosses) the author of this study means hypothetical borrowings-internationalisms (Europeanisms), presumably of Basque origin. Examples of basquisms in the Ukrainian language (багнет, більярд, анчоус, i.e. ʽbayonet, billiard, anchovy') have been given by K. Tyshchenko, well known Ukrainian scientist. Ukr. багнет (from the name of the city of Bayonne in France), traditionally explained as a borrowing of French origin from the Polish language; that of Fr. Bayonne is compared to Basque Baiona; anyhow, there is no generally accepted opinion; according to one of the hypotheses, the latter may come from Basq. bai una / bai ona. Ukr. більярд is derived from Fr. billard, however, Pop. Lat. *bīlia is obviously of Gaulish origin; Basq. billar is similar in form to Sp. billar, which is interpreted as an ancient borrowing from French. There are certain grounds for associating the Basque etymon with Ukr. анчоус, borrowed from Dutch or German, the corresponding names of which come from Fr. anchois, which comes down, like Sp. anchoa, to Basq. anchu. It is worth mentioning Ukr. кролик (ʽrabbit'), which is considered to be a Latinism borrowed from Polish; at the same time, foreign lexicographers assume that Lat. cuniculus is of Mediterranean-Iberian (pre-Romance) origin and it is compared to Basq. untxi. Besides, let's mention Ukr. силует, which is a generally accepted loanword from French, but the surname Silhouette is a modified Basq. Zilueta. So, for now, we can talk about separate and generally hypothetical Ukrainian-Basque etymological isoglosses. Оne of them includes Ukr. чемерка, interpreted as a word of Arabic origin, borrowed from Polish; the origin of Pol. czamar(k)a is defined as «oriental»; at the same time Sp. zamarra is interpreted as a possible loanword from Basque. Finally, we can consider Ukr. джинго ʽjingo' as a historical Basquism. The raised issues are a promising topic for further studies