Acupuncture as a Modality for Treating Anxiety Related Disorders in Canines

Canine anxiety is a common behavior disorder that may manifest as aggression or violent behaviors and often culminates in animal surrenders. While there are scientifically supported behavior protocols available today, behavior problems are still a major concern for many dog owners. Thus, this case study series sought to explore an additional potential treatment modality, acupuncture. Four case reports were completed; they included two client-owned dogs and two shelter dogs. All dogs presented because of anxiety and aggression. Questionnaires completed by the pet owner throughout the study, heart rates before and after treatment, and researchers' observations were used to compare the dog's pre- and post-acupuncture behaviors. While the client-owned dogs were reported to have decreased anxiety and aggression, the shelter dogs were reported to have very little to no improvement in anxiety or aggression. This study was limited by the small sample size, the subjective nature of the data collected, the lack of a control group and the lack of blinding. Further research is needed to determine if acupuncture has significant therapeutic potential for canine anxiety; ideally, future studies would include a larger sample size and quantifiable data such as blood serotonin measures, endogenous opioid levels, or cortisol measures. Alternatively, future studies may include a control group and double blinded design.