Comparison of Hand Grip Strength in Diabetics and Non-Diabetics-An Observational Study

Background and objectives: The growing prevalence of Type II Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality, poses a major public health challenge. An association between handgrip strength and the prevalence of T2DM could provide a lead for preventive interventions. Hand grip strength is a simple, non-invasive and low-cost measure of muscle strength and quality. The present study aimed at comparing the handgrip strength of subjects with and without T2DM. Methods: Two hundred and eighty subjects, 150 having T2DM and 130 without diabetes were recruited and their handgrip strength was assessed in both the hands with a JAMAR dynamometer in the sitting position. An average of three readings was taken for both the hands. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the handgrip strength of the two groups, with the diabetic group showing lower values. Males and females in both the groups also showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the handgrip strength. Also a significant inverse correlation was seen (p<0.05) between age of diabetic subjects and handgrip strength and duration of diabetes and handgrip strength. Conclusion: Handgrip strength values were found to be lower in subjects with T2DM than in those without diabetes. As the age and duration of diabetes increased, the handgrip strength decreased.