STUDY ON EMERGENCE OF MDR PATHOGEN AND ITS MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY

Antimicrobial resistance is now a major challenge to clinicians for treating patients.Hence, this study was undertaken to detect the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR),extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacterial isolates in a tertiary care hospital. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to detect the incidence of MDR, XDR and PDR bacterial isolates in a tertiary care hospital and to help in antibiotic policy of a hospital to guide the clinicians for empirical usage of antibiotics and prevent drug resistance. Methodology: This research study was conducted to isolate multi-drug resistant pathogen.All the clinical samples like pus, swab, urine, body fluids, medical devices, blood culture, sputum, drain etc., received for culture and sensitivity in Microbiology laboratory during Jan 2022 to December 2022 were included. They were inoculated and then incubated, and gram staining was performed. Antibiotic resistance and susceptibility were measured by the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory standards institute (CSLI) guidelines. Result: Out of 5501patients 2008 (37%) patients were showing culture positive during one year. The predominant gram negative isolate in our study was E.coli (19%) followed by klebsillaspp (18%), staphylococcus aureus (16%) and pseudomonas (13%) respectively. It shows that colistin was found to be more sensitive for gram negative organisms followed by aminoglycosides and carbapenem group, while resistance was observed towards fluoroquinolone, 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporine groups. &Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and Linezolide were highly active drugs against Gram positive organisms. Conclusion: The vast majority of isolated organisms in this study were gram-negative bacteria, and most were showing high antimicrobial resistance. The antibiograms should be developed and regularly updated at every ward and hospital. There is a need to bring more awareness about the proper use of antimicrobials among healthcare workers, and antimicrobial stewardship programs can help in this matter.