The Impact of Glacia Degradation on the State of the Agricultural Sector in the High Mountain Territories of Tajikistan

Glaciers, which occupy about 6 of the territory of Tajikistan, significantly affect the formation of runoff. Under the conditions of climate change 1.5° , which has been occurring over the past 100 years, directly affecting the volume of glaciers sources of food and water content of rivers, up to 10 20 feeding the flow of large rivers, and in dry and hot years, the contribution of glaciers to the water resources of individual rivers in the summer can reach up to 70 , leading to their annual melting. It is expected that the effects of climate change, leading to the degradation of glaciation, on water resources will have a cumulative effect on many sectors of the economy, including agriculture increased demand for irrigation or forestry . One of the main sectors of the Tajik economy that is vulnerable to climate change is agriculture. Its economic, social and political features determine the potential for adaptation to climate change and, as a result, are the main factors determining the state of the economy, focused mainly on agriculture. A significant source of livelihood for the rural population, remote mountainous areas of Tajikistan, is agro pastoral farming. At the same time, the bulk of the population is oriented towards subsistence farming, which actually provides for their need for food. At the same time, the area of arable land is limited here, and the productivity of the agricultural sector is very low. It should be noted that in of the countrys land area is Tajikistan, in general, less than 7 suitable for growing crops. Water, despite the abundance of water resources in the country, remains the main problem for farmers in the mountainous areas of Tajikistan. It should be noted that in the Eastern Pamirs, due to the high altitudes and arid climate, animal husbandry is the only geodetic method established that due to the decrease in the surface of the glacier in the middle part and the increase in its height in the tongue part, as well as taking into account its active downward movement, the structure of the object is destroyed, which leads to active degradation of the glacier No. 815 . At the same time, it was revealed that the advance of the frontal part of the glacier was 130 meters. Analysis and assessment of the state of irrigated lands located in the study area was carried out by calculating vegetation indices, for example, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI the implementation and monitoring of changes in the nature of vegetation, the degree of its degradation, etc. Obtaining information about vegetation and calculating the vegetation index NDVI is implemented using data from satellite images Landsat 5 7 and Sentinel 2 In particular, based on the study of the dynamics of the area of agricultural land, it was found that not only the sown area has changed, but both the sowing cycle and the timing of harvesting have also been violated. Thus, the main factors for ensuring the stable development of the agricultural sector in mountainous areas are the development of measures to adapt to Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56254.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/56254/the-impact-of-glacia-degradation-on-the-state-of-the-agricultural-sector-in-the-highmountain-territories-of-tajikistan/khusrav-kabutov