Numerical Study of Fluid Mixture Characteristics at 90° Angles with Variations of Standard Wall Functions on the k-ε Turbulence Model

A numerical study has been carried out to determine the characteristics of fluid mixtures with different temperatures at 90° angles using ANSYS Fluent Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The variation of the turbulence model used is k-ε, which is standard, RNG, and Realizable with the Near Wall Treatment method of Standard Wall Functions. The simulation domain is 90° angled with 2 perpendicular inputs and one output. The first step is to do a grid independence analysis with different mesh variations to get a proportional mesh. The research object is focused on section 6 with a distance of 35 cm before the flow output or located at 105 cm from the coordinate center. Validation was carried out by comparing temperature and velocity magnitude in research from S.N. Sridhara in section 6. It was found that the standard k-ε turbulence model was the best compared to the other variations. This gives a good idea of the distribution and flow behavior of the fluid which can be used for efficient elbow design.