Sleeve Gastrectomy Decrease Body Weight, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Gene Expression of TNF-α and IL-1 in The Abdominal Aorta of Rats with Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one option to significantly reduce body weight while also protect the cardiovascular system by controlling hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers. Secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1 could induce obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related inflammation, however its association with SG procedure has not been elucidated well. Therefore, TNF-α and IL-1 gene expression on the abdominal aorta of obese and DM rats that went through SG procedure were evaluated. METHODS: Fifteen rats were divided into 3 groups: lean-non-DM rats model (C1 group), obese-DM rats model (C2 group), and obese-DM rats model underwent SG (T group). Before and 10 days after the SG procedure, rats' body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured. Ten days after the procedure, TNF-α and IL-1 gene expression were also evaluated by PCR. RESULTS: In the end of study, mean body weight and FBG levels in C1 group (231.80±4.32 gram; 68.60±2.07 mg/dL) and T group (232.00±5.33 gram; 114.40±3.20 mg/dL) were significantly lower than in C2 group (264.60± 3.28 gram; 271.00±6.89 mg/dL). TNF-α and IL-1 gene expressions were also found to be significantly lower in the C1 group (1.01±0.01 rfu; 1.01±0.01 rfu) and T group (1.97±0.57 rfu; 1.21±0.78 rfu) compared to the C2 group (224.12±47.59 rfu; 1.85±0.73 rfu). CONCLUSION: SG could decrease body weight and FBG, as well as TNF-α and IL-1 gene expression in the abdominal aorta of rats with obesity and DM, hence SG could be a useful method in reducing body weight and controlling hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers.