Microbial Remediation of Physico-Chemical parameters, Heavy Metals and Pesticides: A Review

Water (Blue Gold) one of the most treasured natural resources is responsible for life on earth by contribution, development and growth of human civilization. Most of the civilization all around the world evolved on the rivers banks. Unplanned urbanization, indiscriminate industrialization, rapidly increasing population along rivers and their catchment area have caused tremendous loss and stress on water quality and their resources. The noxious discharge of toxic industrial waste consisting heavy metals into the water bodies specially river, prevail in water bodies and through the food chain get accumulated. Biomagnification of toxic heavy metals through the food chain causes severe health hazards to humans and other living creatures. However extensive and extreme utilization of farming pesticides accelerate contamination of water and land. Long duration contact to pesticides can harm the living organisms and can disrupt the function of different body organs. Various chemical and biological methods are available for reducing the water pollution level but the emergence of an astonishing technology of multicultures of aerobic and anaerobic effective and beneficial microorganism is gaining a lot of popularity because of its eco-friendly nature.