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INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON THE FREQUENCY OF SENSITIZATION TO INHALATION ALLERGENS IN ALLERGIC RHINITIS, BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AND THEIR COMBINATION

Journal: Journal of the Grodno State Medical University (Vol.21, No. 4)

Publication Date:

Authors : ;

Page : 368-373

Keywords : allergic rhinitis; bronchial asthma; sensitization; gender characteristics;

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Abstract

Background. In the Republic of Belarus, allergic diseases affect from 10 to 15% of the population, and there is a steady increase in the incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of gender and age on the nature of sensitization to inhalation allergens in residents of the Grodno region suffering from AR, BA and a combination of these diseases (AR + BA). Material and methods. Based on the results of skin prick tests with household, epidermal and pollen allergens, we analyzed the sensitization profiles of 237 patients (97 women, 140 men) suffering from AR (101 patients), BA (89 patients) and AR + BA (57 patients). Results. In AR, men are statistically significantly more likely than women (with a frequency exceeding 50%) to develop sensitization to cereals and early flowering trees, while household allergens are major for female representatives. In patients with BA, sensitization to household allergens, pollen of cereals and trees / shrubs is detected more often, while gender differences in the sensitization profile are less pronounced than in AR: in men, allergy to house dust is somewhat more common, and women are significantly more likely to be allergic to ash pollen. When BA is combined with AR, the sensitization profile is similar to that in patients with isolated BA: allergy to house dust, pollen of cereals and trees is detected most often, and gender differences are also slightly expressed: sensitization to epidermal allergens is significantly more common in women than in men, while sensitization to the pollen of timothy grass and creeping wheatgrass occurs less often. Conclusions. The gender of patients with BA and/or AR significantly affects the spectrum of causally significant allergens.

Last modified: 2023-09-13 15:21:43