Artificial Intelligence: the Genesis and Challenges of Legal Regulation Evolution in the Russian Federation

Introduction. The article explores the history and development of legal regulation for artificial intelligence technologies in the Russian Federation, highlighting the unique aspects and identifying the challenges of such regulation. Methods. Both general scientific and specific legal research methods were applied. The formal-legal method was used to study the content of legal acts; the historical-legal method was employed in analysing the regulation's periodisation; the comparative-legal method facilitated a comparison of legal regulation across time and space. Results and Discussion. The research resulted in scientifically substantiated insights into the formation of artificial intelligence's legal regulation, and a periodisation of legal regulation for the development and application of relevant technologies in the Russian Federation was conducted. Understanding the nature of artificial intelligence and the objectively evolving legal relationships, we identified issues in the development of legal regulation for relevant digital technologies and proposed solutions. Conclusion. In the Russian Federation, a model for the legal regulation of artificial intelligence technologies is progressively being established, based on a blend of strategic documents and a continually growing set of law principles and norms, aimed directly at organising relations associated with these technologies. In the foreseeable future, the evolution of the subject matter of these legal relations' regulation will be dictated by the need to organise the interaction and mutual influence of artificial intelligence technologies, humans and society. To enhance regulatory impact, a differentiation of the legal regime is required, determined by types of objectification and life cycle stages of artificial intelligence technologies.