A Comprehensive Review on Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solution by Mxenes

Dyes are extensively used across a variety of industries, raising concerns about their potential to contaminate water sources. Therefore, effective and environment-friendly removal techniques are essential. The potential of MXenes as adsorbents for dye adsorption from water is thoroughly examined in this review. Two-dimensional transition metal carbides or nitrides, known as MXenes, have extraordinary physicochemical characteristics, such as a large surface area, variable surface chemistry, and superior adsorption capability. This study examined the structural properties of MXenes, their methods of production, and their special adsorption processes for dye removal. In addition, a thorough analysis of the effects of several variables, including the pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature, on the adsorption efficiency of MXenes was performed. This article also highlights the current developments in the MXenes modification to increase the effectiveness of their dye adsorption. Furthermore, this report addresses the difficulties in applying MXenes as adsorbents in practice and suggests future research avenues to overcome these restrictions. Overall, this study offers insights into the prospective use of MXenes in water treatment technologies and portrays them as promising and long-lasting adsorbents for the removal of synthetic dyes from water.