Structural Models of Circular Bioenergy Clusters

The article examines the impact of the military conflict and the pandemic on the business environment of Ukraine, especially on the energy and manufacturing sectors. In the context of these changes, the need to develop cluster models and introduce circular bioenergy clusters turned out to be important. For the first time, Ukraine is implementing circular bioenergy clusters that provide cities with energy, solve waste problems and contribute to sustainable development. The study focuses on the bioenergy circulation of the Zaporizhzhya "Engineering-Automation-Machine Building" cluster, which even in the conditions of military conflict is successfully growing and developing, ensuring its energy independence through the production of biomethane. The research is aimed at determining the factors that will contribute to the sustainable transformation of business models of the Ukrainian circular economy in the context of modernization and post-war recovery. The article also emphasizes the development of a cluster ecosystem of startups aimed at using digital technologies and bioenergy resources. The importance of uniting clusters and cooperation with other regions to achieve common goals is noted. The authors consider various models of the organizational structure of circular bioenergy clusters in the context of their formation and development. The protocluster model, the monocentric model, the megacluster model, and the polycentric model are analyzed in detail regarding their features, advantages, and disadvantages. In general, the study reveals important aspects of the development of circular bioenergy clusters in the conditions of the double transition I5.0, taking into account the impact of military conflict.