ETIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIAL PHARYNGO-TONSILLITIS IN BENIN

The term pharyngo-tonsillitis refers to inflammation and infection of the mucosa and lymphatic elements of the oropharynx: lymphoid structures and tonsils. This work aimed to determine in all tonsillitis, the proportion of bacterial tonsillitis, their clinical presentation in order to identify the germs involved and the treatment administered at the Padre Pio Humanitarian Health Center (CSVH) in Cotonou and at the Vallee de Grace Medical Clinic in Abomey-Calavi (CMVG). To achieve the objective of this work, a prospective analytical and descriptive study was carried out at the CSVH and the CVGAB over a period of 12 months (July 2022 to June 2023). The patients in whom the diagnosis of pharyngo-tonsillitis was made and the bacterial etiology confirmed after a throat swabwere considered in this study. The variables age, sex, months, clinical signs, etiology and treatment were taken into account. In total, 272 cases of pharyngo-tonsillitis out of 2896 consultations in pediatrics and ENT in the health facilities serving as the framework for the study, representing a prevalence of 9.39% with a monthly average of 22.67 cases. Among the 272 cases of pharyngo-tonsillitis, the bacterial origin was confirmed with 143 cases, representing a proportion of 52.57%. The bacteria involved were: S. pyogenes (41.38%), S.aureus (18.62%), S. pneumoniae (14.48%), S. viridans (14.48%). The isolated bacteria were sensitive mainly to antibiotics in varying proportions: Imipenem (100%), Ceftriaxone (67.57%), Cefixime (66.22%), Amoxicillin clavulanic acid (59.46%) and Cefuroxime (58.78%). %). Antibiotic therapy was dominated by amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (27.52%) followed by the 3rd generation cephalosporinscefixime (25.50%) and cefuroxime (14.09%).Bacterial origin represents 52.57% of pharyngo-tonsillitis in Benin this high rate is compatible with the probabilistic antibiotic therapy commonly used forpharyngo-tonsillitis in clinical practice where cytobacteriological examination is not easy.