Implementation of neural networks in the method of multilevel component circuits

The paper analyzes the features of representing artificial neural networks in Simulink and SimInTech. Examples of visual schemes (models) built in these modeling environments using neural network blocks are given. The following shortcomings of such representations are the lack of mechanisms: for carrying out structural optimization of neural networks, for combining them into ensembles, for training them synchronously with the simulation of the object model. It was noted that there are difficulties in using other tools, such as specialized Python libraries (Keras, PyTorch, etc.), the NeuroGenetic Optimizer (BioCompSystems) for building neural network control models. A method is shown to implement the representation of neural networks in the formalism of the method of multilevel component circuits, according to which the construction of models of an object and a control system is carried out in a visual language from ready-made blocks (components) with directional and non-directional connections. A technique has been developed for multilevel representation of neural network control models, which allows them to be combined with other tools of the component circuit method. Two options for representing neural networks are proposed: with an encapsulated structure and with a component structure. The first version of the representation is characterized by the compactness of the representation of the control model, the possibility of automated variation and optimization of the structure of the neural network, and the possibility of changing the structure of the network during the executing of the model within a computational experiment (scenario). The second option has the ability to perform detailed debugging and research of the network learning process, and the ability to construct a network of any structural complexity. The paper describes the main developed components with their connections: a neural network, a training block, an ensemble unit (bagging), a block for reading data from a file, a sampling block, a neural network layer (input, hidden, output). A multilevel computer model of the uncontrolled flight of a body (target) and the controlled flight of a projectile is presented as an example to illustrate the operation of the developed components to solve the problem of controlling a projectile to hit the target. The developed component libraries can be used as part of the MARS modeling environment to build multilevel control systems for objects of a multiphysics nature.