LE NON-RESPECT DES PRECONISATIONS TECHNIQUES DES PRATIQUES DE GESTION DURABLE DES TERRES CONTRIBUE A APPAUVRIR LES UTILISATEURS DE TERRES A LONG TERME

Given the seriousness of land degradation in Niger (70% of cultivable land), the government of Niger, supported by numerous non-government organizations, has invested heavily in their restoration, but the level of return on these investments is unknown. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic profitability of a sustainable land management technique (Tassa / Zaï) by following the Economics of Land Degradation (ELD) approach of the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) method. The analysis consisted of comparing agricultural fields treated with tassa to control (untreated) fields by quantifying and converting into monetary value all ecosystem services provided over the four-year and eight-year horizons. The treated fields are subjected to two models: a model such as the tassa are realized in Koona and an idealized model according to the technical standards of the tassa. Data collection was done through the yield squares set up in all the farms selected and a socio-economic survey. The CBA results indicate an economic Net Present Value (NPV) of -166608 FCFA for the Koona model and 88 199FCFA for the ideal model at a discount rate of 10% over four years. At a horizon of eight years, the NPV rises to -213 186 FCFA and 182 901 FCFA respectively for the Koona and ideal model. The NPV calculations state that the practice of tassa is financially and financially profitable when respecting the technical recomandations, but contribute to umpoverish farmers if not. The sensitivity analysis showed that the NPVs are positive at a discount rate of 10% However, NPVs are more interesting according to the idealized model than the model practiced in Koona. If we want to fight effectively against the degradation of agricultural land, the project is more interesting while respecting technical standards than what is happening in Koona where, the practice of tassa is especially profitable in the short / medium term. Beyond 4 years, the treated fields become degraded again as in the initial state.