Advances and Challenges in 360° Mixed Reality Video Streaming: A Comprehensive Review

The proliferation of immersive technologies has led to a surge in demand for 360° mixed reality (MR) experiences, pushing the boundaries of traditional video streaming. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state-of-the-art in 360° MR video streaming, examining the key advancements, challenges, and future directions in this rapidly evolving field. We begin by surveying the foundational technologies that enable the creation and distribution of 360° MR content, including camera systems, video codecs, and streaming protocols. The paper then delves into the intricacies of adaptive streaming algorithms tailored to the unique requirements of immersive experiences, emphasizing the need for low-latency, high-resolution, and efficient bandwidth utilization. Furthermore, we explore the evolving landscape of content delivery networks (CDNs) and edge computing solutions optimized for 360° MR video streaming, addressing the scalability challenges associated with the delivery of voluminous and dataintensive content to a diverse range of devices. The impact of emerging technologies such as 5G networks on improving the overall streaming experience is also discussed. In addition to technical considerations, this review highlights the user experience aspects of 360° MR video streaming, discussing the implications of visual discomfort, motion sickness, and the role of innovative interaction mechanisms in enhancing immersion. The paper reviews user studies and feedback, shedding light on the perceptual challenges that need to be addressed to ensure widespread acceptance of 360° MR streaming. The review concludes with a discussion of open research questions and potential avenues for future exploration, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to address the complex challenges inherent in delivering seamless and immersive 360° MR video streaming experiences. By synthesizing insights from technical advancements, user experience research, and industry trends, this paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts navigating the dynamic landscape of 360° MR video streaming