Effects of Climate Change on Agricultural crops and Biodiversity: A review

Global climate has slowly changed and evolved over the millions of years and has acquired the present-day characteristics. During the past few decades there has been a rise of average temperatures due to excessive emission of green-house gases in the atmosphere by anthropogenic activities. Rainfall patterns also got affected by change in temperature via evapotranspiration and wind velocity. Rise in the temperature is also responsible for loss of biodiversity with an increase in population of pests and pathogens that created a severe problem for the good health and survival of the entire biota. Global climate change is the biggest disaster in the history of human beings that increased the waterborne as well as vector borne diseases like Covid-19 i.e. Corona pandemic. As a consequence, scientists across the world have started to focus on reducing crop production loss and to establish sustainable development. This review gives an assessment of the impact of climate change on agricultural crops, food security and biodiversity.