Android Optimization: A Survey?

Android can be rightly defined as a software stack as just like any pile of objects arranged in a stack, this software stack includes an operating system at its bottom layer, a middleware layer and a bunch of key applications along with a collection of APIs for writing applications at its upper layer. In one of these layers there is an android runtime which actually empowers an android device and differentiates it from any other mobile development platform. The runtime platform for android is chosen to be Dalvik virtual machine instead of java virtual machine. The choice made by Google has strong reasons for this variation. This paper tries to take a broad look at the architecture and design of android runtime.