A cross-sectional survey on prevalence of Shayyamutra(Nocturnal enuresis) in children

Background: Shayyamutra (Nocturnal enuresis) is a condition of spontaneous passage of urine to wet the clothes and beddings while asleep in the night time. Enuresis is common in school-aged children. It significantly affects a child's psychology. In India, bed wetting is under-recognised and thought to disappear with advancing age. Objective:This cross-sectional survey is done to estimate the prevalence of Shayyamutra  in children which is underreported. Materials and Methods: Healthy children of 5-10 years studying in various schools in and around Anchepalya and Kumabalgodu, Bengaluru attending Kaumarabhritya out Patient Department of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Institute of Ayurveda and Hospital (SDMIAH) were screened under parental assent/consent using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-5criteria for diagnosis of enuresis using structured case report format. Results: Among 613 children aged between 5 to 10 years screened 82 children (13.37 %) had Shayyamutra. Female preponderance (57.31%) was seen as against males (42.68%). 30 children (36.58%) had daily once enuresis, 14 children (17.07%) had enuresis twice or more daily, 21 children (25.6%) passed twice a week, 17 children (20.73%) reported once-a-week episodes of bedwetting. 9 children (10.97%) had poor bladder control and 6 (07.31%) were using one to two diapers in 24 hours. 15.85 % were constipated and 2 of them had occasional encopresis. 13.41% were watching television late at night. 52 (63.41%) children were easily awakened from sleep, 21 children (28.04 %) were hard to awake, and 7 children (8.53%) had disturbed sleep due to bedwetting. Conclusion: Shayyamutra  is a common problem in children. Prevalence of Shayyamutra  was 13.37 % with female preponderance.