Two Sorts of DNA in Eukaryotic Cells: Linear Chromosomal DNA and Circular Extrachromosomal DNA |Biomedgrid

In addition to Chromosomal DNA (chr-DNA), eukaryotic cells contain Extrachromosomal DNA (ec-DNA), e.g., Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA), and a particular class named Extrachromosomal Circular DNA (ecc-DNA). The ecc-DNA structures harbor functional sequences known to be present in the chr-DNA. Ecc-DNA has many sizes, from thousands of base pairs to mega base pairs. Their proportion of the total cellular DNA can be up to 20%, both in cells from healthy people and people with diseases, for example, cancer. A research focus is an exploration of how ecc-DNA is involved in oncology. The possible influence of ecc-DNA on chromosomal sequences in the Human Genome Project gets addressed.