Advancements in Sustainable Video Streaming: A Comprehensive Review on Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Adaptive Video Streaming Systems

With the increasing prevalence of adaptive video streaming as a dominant medium for content delivery, concerns over its environmental impact and energy consumption have become significant. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of energy efficiency in adaptive video streaming systems, analyzing both client and server components. The paper explores the energy consumption patterns associated with adaptive video streaming, identifies challenges, and highlights opportunities for improvement. Strategies to enhance energy efficiency are examined, encompassing both client-side and server-side considerations. Furthermore, the review delves into emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, edge computing, and novel codecs, which have the potential to reshape the landscape of energy-efficient video streaming. Real-world case studies are presented to underscore successful implementations, offering valuable insights and lessons learned. The paper concludes with a discussion on future directions, proposing avenues for further research and development in the pursuit of sustainable and energyefficient adaptive video streaming solutions.