Recent advances in peptide-based nanovaccines for re-emerging and emerging infectious diseases

Peptide-based nanovaccines have emerged as promising strategies for combating re-emerging and emerging infectious diseases. They exhibit excellent immunogenicity and therapeutic potential. They have shown the ability to elicit robust immune responses, such as activation of antigen-presenting cells, induction of antibodies and T-cell responses, and generation of memory immune cells. This comprehensive review article aims to provide a thorough overview of recent advances in the field, including immunological mechanisms, structural design approaches, and utilization of various nanomaterials. Overall, peptide-based nanovaccines hold great promise in combating infectious diseases. Precise design and assembly of targeted and tailored immune responses will enable effective prevention, treatment, and long-term protection. Further research is needed to optimize their efficacy, safety, and clinical translation. The knowledge gained from these studies will pave the way for a future with more effective immunotherapeutic interventions against infectious diseases.