Islam and politics: political attitudes of the elites in Muhammadiyah 1998-2010

This study examines the roles of political elites in the Muhammadiyah in facing the dynamics Muslim politics in post New Order regime. There are three issues discussed: the emergence of Islamic political parties, the desire to implement the Jakarta charter as a state ideology, and the rise of terrorism. The result of the study demonstrated that there are four variants of the political attitudes of the elites in Muhammadiyah in post-New Order regime: 1) transformative-idealistic; 2) moderate-idealistic, 3) realistic-critical, and 4) accommodative-pragmatic. The variations are deeply influenced by two main factors: the sociological background and organizational factor.