Investigation of the air pollutants factors in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province, Afghanistan

Air pollution and environmental degradation have become global issues. Despite the relatively low density of factories, smoke, and heavy traffic in the Badghis province, it is still affected by various factors contributing to air pollution. Due to the importance of public health and the environment, it is necessary to identify the sources of pollution in this province and consider solutions to address them. This research was conducted in 2023 by distributing questionnaires and conducting face-to-face interviews to examine the factors contributing to air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province. The study population consisted of 100 government employees who were randomly selected using the Cochran formula. The raw data was analyzed using SPSS software. The research results indicate that the factors contributing to air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province, have a significant and positive impact. After conducting the significance test, the sig value was found to be 0.000, which is less than the alpha level of 0.05. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research has been confirmed. The first sub-hypothesis regarding the impact of old vehicles on air pollution has a significant and positive effect, as indicated by the significance test with a sig value of 0.01, which is lower than the alpha level of 0.05. Therefore, the first sub-hypothesis is confirmed. The second sub-hypothesis regarding the lack of green spaces and its significant and positive impact on air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province, is also supported. After conducting the significance test, the sig value is found to be 0.000, which is smaller than the alpha level of 0.05. Hence, the second sub-hypothesis is confirmed. The third sub-hypothesis related to the establishment of factories and their significant and positive impact on air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province, is also confirmed. The significance test yields a sig value of 0.000, which is less than the alpha level of 0.05. Therefore, the third sub-hypothesis is supported. The fourth sub-hypothesis regarding the positive and significant impact of unawareness of people on air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province, is supported. The significance test resulted in a sig value of 0.000, which is smaller than the alpha level of 0.05. Therefore, the fourth sub-hypothesis is confirmed. Similarly, the fifth sub-hypothesis regarding the positive and significant impact of deforestation on air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis ISSN 2181-0842 / Impact Factor 4.182 195province, is also confirmed. After conducting the significance test, the sig value is found to be 0.000, which is less than the alpha level of 0.05. Hence, the fifth sub-hypothesis is supported. As a result, the factors contributing to air pollution in Qala-e-Naw city, Badghis province, are evaluated positively.