THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN UKRAINE DURING THE DURATION OF MARITAL STATE

Introduction. Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) are considered the driving force of the economy and the basis of the middle class throughout the developed world. As experience shows, SMEs significantly solve problems: sources of filling the state budget and creating jobs, structural restructuring and renewal of production, effective interaction of the state and the production sector, implementation of social and economic programs, construction of an effective economic strategy, and others. The war caused huge losses both to the Ukrainian economy as a whole and negatively affected the activities of SMEs in Ukraine. Along with the established problems of business functioning, new threats have appeared, including active hostilities and proximity to the front, destruction, shelling, interruptions in electricity supply and communication, unavailability of credit funds, a drop in consumer demand and a decrease in the solvency of the population, complications in logistics and inflation, risks and problems related to tax and customs systems. That is why, in order to face the challenges of war, there is a need for research on the impact of state regulation, grant programs of domestic and international support and stimulation, for the effective functioning of SMEs in Ukraine, study of changes in legislative and regulatory support, which will allow to reduce the financial burden as much as possible in order to ensure the employment of the population. social stability in the country, regional development and prevention of migration, receipt of tax and other payments to the budget, military victory of Ukraine. Goal. The purpose of the study is to study the problems and prospects of the effective functioning of SMEs in Ukraine during the martial law period based on changes in the legislative and regulatory provision of accounting and taxation, the disclosure of approaches in the field of state regulation, the role of domestic and international grant programs, and the assessment of their financial capabilities. Materials and methods. The research materials are: 1) the works of domestic and foreign authors who conduct their scientific and practical research studying the problems and prospects of the functioning of SMEs in Ukraine during the period of martial law; 2) changes in legislative and regulatory support for accounting and taxation of SMEs; 3) disclosure of approaches in the field of state regulation, the role of grant domestic and international support programs, assessment of their financial capabilities. In the process of carrying out the research, the following scientific methods were used: the method of analysis and synthesis to formulate both the topic and the goal of the research; the method of content analysis for the purpose of in-depth study of scientific and practical literature on the subject of research; a method of critical analysis for finding undisclosed or incompletely resolved problem aspects. The method of theoretical generalization and grouping for the study of the state of activity of SMEs, problems and prospects during martial law. The method of formalization, analysis and synthesis for the implementation of changes in the legislative and regulatory regulation of accounting and taxation of SMEs for the period 2022–2024. The method of systematic analysis in order to reveal the consequences of changes and innovations in the tax accounting of SMEs. The method of going from the abstract to the concrete is necessary for studying the role of domestic and international grant support programs for SMEs, assessing their financial capabilities. Method of logical generalization of results for formulating conclusions.