Prognostic Value of Tumour-Stromal Ratio Using CD10 Expression in Primary Breast Carcinoma

Background: When it comes to cancers affecting women, most common and second-leading cause of deaths related to cancer is Breast Cancer. The prognostic significance of tumor-stromal ratio (TSR) in primary breast carcinoma is reviewed, with a specific focus on its implications for disease prognosis and treatment in different histopathological subtypes. Aim of Study: Improving prognosis in breast cancer patients is needed to prevent over- and under-treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy. Methodology: This cross-sectional study examined Iraqi primary breast cancer. The Cancer Research Laboratory at Al-Sader General Hospital and private laboratories provided samples for immunohistochemistry analysis of CD10 expression. All data privacy and ethical requirements were observed. Sample preparation, staining, and microscopic examination were carefully detailed for accurate results. The investigation used scoring systems for HER2/Neu, estrogen, and Progesterone receptors to assess tumor cell staining intensity and pattern. Results: The findings revealed a similar distribution of breast cancer among different age groups, with a greater prevalence of grade II tumors. The majority of ER and PR statuses were positive, HER2/neu statuses were frequently negative, and Ki67 levels demonstrated variation. Conclusion: The study establishes tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) as a major independent predictive factor for breast cancer. Its simplicity and speed make it a promising tool for pathological evaluations and risk stratification in breast cancer management. To confirm TSR's predictive value, larger and more comprehensive studies are required.