Effects of catfish oil and Curcuma longa L. extract on ApoB levels and atherosclerosis risk indicators in metabolic syndrome rats

The increase in ApoB levels, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and Castelli risk index I-II (CRI) involves cardiovascular disease in metabolic syndrome. Lipid peroxidation could initiate the process of atherosclerosis and involve in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. Dietary fish oil and extract of Curcuma longa Linn. have been shown to reduce lipid peroxidation and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of catfish oil and Curcuma extract on ApoB levels and lipid ratios as protective nutraceutical for metabolic syndrome. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups namely healthy control (HC), high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD), and intervention group P1 (HFFD + catfish oil 0.08 ml/g/day), P2 (HFFD + Curcuma extract 5.04 mg/g/day), and P3 with HFFD + combination of both. HFFD induced metabolic syndrome in rats. ApoB levels were measured by the immunoturbidimetric method and lipid levels with ELISA. Lipid ratios were calculated by AIP (log TG/HDL), and the CRI I-II (TC/HDL, LDL/HDL). The study was showed significantly reduced in ApoB levels, AIP, and CRI in intervention groups. The correlation test results showed that a significant correlation among ApoB levels, AIP, and CRI. In conclusion, combination of both may decrease levels of ApoB and atherosclerosis risk indicators in metabolic syndrome rats.