Modern Views on the Phenomenon of Viral Interference and its Role in the Regulation of the Infectious Process

Numerous studies have proven the pronounced mutual influence of both respiratory and intestinal viruses, which is often expressed in the suppression of one virus by another. The mechanism of interference is most often considered from the standpoint of multifactorial, it is related to the stimulation of specific products in infected cells, in particular interferons, which inhibit the replication of other viruses. At the same time, among the mechanisms of viral interference, RNA interference has attracted great interest among researchers. The microRNA system regulates many processes in eukaryotic cells, similar elements have been found in viruses. Viral microRNAs are capable of both enhancing viral infection and suppressing it. At the same time, despite the significant successes of experimental medicine, the mechanisms of viral interference remain not fully elucidated and require further, first of all, fundamental research.