THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO INCIDENCE TUBERCULOSIS AT IN PATIENT DEPARTMENT IN REFERRAL HOSPITAL OF BAUCAU, TIMOR-LESTE

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that not only causes illness health but also ranks among, one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. In fact, it is and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent (surpassing even HIV/AIDS). TB is caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is spread through the air when individuals who are sick with TB expel bacteria for instance, by coughing. Globally, an estimated 10.0 (range, 8.9–11.0 million) people fell illness with TB in 2019, a number that has been declining very slowly in recent years. TB can affect to anyone and, the number of cases at the national level varies. In most countries, the majority of cases occur in 30 areas with highest incidence of TB were more than 90% of cases are reported. The global burden also includes an estimated 1.3 million peoples who are infected with TB and at risk of developing the disease. In Timor Leste, the recent WHO report on TB indicated a reduction in the incidence of TB in 2021 (WHO, TB Epidemiological Review 2023 Timor-Leste, 2023). The countrys incidence of TB has been 489 per 100.000 populations for the last few years. However, in 2021 there has been a decrease to 486 per 100.000 populations. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that contribute the occurrence of Tuberculosis at the Referral Hospital of Baucau. Methodology: This descriptive study used both quantitative and quantitative methods together, specifically a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered using both methods concurrently. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics with approach and spearman rank correlation coefficient as the statistical test The sampling technique that was employed the study was total sampling (50 sample). The data collected for of this study was primary data obtained gained from patients using a questionnaire as the instrument. Results: The results indicated 58% the incidence TB by environmental, 66% of nutritional and 52% by access health information. And also enviroment contribution to incidence TB was postive relationship because the result analysis showed value r=0,518. Its mean 51.8% of TB incidence caused by enviroment but 48,2% by another factors. Another factor likely nutrition status also mayority factor contribute incidence TB because value r=0,799. The hypothesis test indicated value significant fom enviroment and nutrition status showed 0.00. Conclusion: There was a significant value and positive contribution between the environment and nutritional status to incidence TB.