COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has profoundly affected global health, economies, and daily life since its emergence in late 2019. This article reviews the pandemics trajectory, public health responses, vaccine development and distribution, and the ongoing challenges in managing COVID-19. It also examines the lessons learned and how these can inform future preparedness for pandemics. Emphasis is placed on the importance of international cooperation, robust healthcare systems, and the role of science and technology in addressing global health crises.