The industry 4.0 technologies, opportunities and challenges for developing countries: a systematic literature review analysis

The simultaneous emergence of various technological advancements, such as advanced robotics (AR), big data (BD), the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing (CC), and artificial intelligence (AI), has positioned the world, especially developing countries (DCs), on the brink of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Industry 4.0 technologies are characterized by significant growth in intelligent and autonomous systems. While these technologies offer potential solutions to key development challenges, developing countries face a knowledge gap in understanding the essential aspects, opportunities, and challenges associated with Industry 4.0. Addressing this gap is critical to ensuring DCs are not overwhelmed by the complexities of these technologies. This study systematically analyzes the opportunities and challenges of Industry 4.0 in developing countries, highlighting the common issues and potential benefits these nations should consider when adopting such technologies. The methodology used in this study is a systematic review analysis (SRA), guided by the search, appraisal, synthesis, and analysis (SALSA) framework and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. To tackle the challenges of Industry 4.0 in DCs, this paper proposes a strategic framework called "fourth industrial revolution technology for developing countries (FIRTDC)," based on the study's findings and observations. FIRTDC aims to guide DCs in effectively implementing and adopting Industry 4.0 technologies.