A Hospital Based Study on Arterial Blood Gas Analysis in ICU Patients

Background: In critically ill patients, arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is a frequently requested test. It is routinely carried out without having an impact on patient care. As a result, the present study was conducted to evaluate the ABG test's usefulness in our critical care unit (ICU). Material and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 210 ICU patients. ICU patients included critical patients of known cases of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Hypertension (HTN), Myocardial Infarction (MI), Liver Cirrhosis, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) & Covid-19 Disease. The study was conducted from June 2021 to November 2021 at tertiary teaching hospital. Patients' radial arterial blood samples were collected and processed for ABG analysis. Results: Out of 210 ICU patients, 35.24 % patients had metabolic acidosis, 30.47 % patients had metabolic alkalosis, and 19.05 % had respiratory acidosis whereas 15.24 % had respiratory alkalosis. Conclusion: From our study results we conclude that various acid-base abnormalities have been observed in ICU patients. Metabolic acidosis is most common acid-base abnormality in ICU patients. Males suffered with acid base disorder than females.