FUNDAMENTALS FOR PREVENTING ACETYLENE COMBUSTION AND DETONATION IN EQUIPMENT

The scientific and technical bases for ensuring fire and explosion safety in the handling of acetylene are considered. Safe operation with acetylene in the equipment can be ensured by localization of the combustion source by the following methods: phlegmatization of the medium; installation of protective devices, the main of which are fire barriers (their action is based on the phenomenon of flame extinguishing in narrow channels); choice of conditions for combustible gas transportation. To prevent explosion in case of emergency acetylene expiration and to extinguish the flame in closed volumes, the minimum concentration of carbon dioxide is 57% (vol.), nitrogen 70% (vol.). With the help of the Pecle criterion, the values of the critical flame extinguishing diameter for the investigated combustible mixture can be estimated and established. According to safety conditions, acetylene transportation should be carried out at low initial pressures, in pipelines of small diameter and with low hydraulic resistance of fire barrier nozzle.