Evolution and Future of DNA Extraction Procedure

DNA extraction holds paramount importance in forensic science, genetic research, and clinical diagnostics. It makes the DNA used for analysis in different applications including criminal investigations. After the mid-20th century, DNA extraction techniques evolved with early methods such as phenol-chloroform extraction which were labor-intensive and used hazardous chemicals. Over time newer techniques like silica-based, magnetic bead-based, and automated systems emerged making DNA extraction more efficient and accessible. Recent innovations include microfluidic and nanotechnology-based methods which aim to enhance yield and sensitivity, particularly for challenging samples like touch DNA. Still, limitations persist especially in handling low-template or degraded DNA samples. Current methods may lack the sensitivity or purity required for reliable analysis of trace DNA posing challenges in extracting usable DNA from minimal or compromised samples. Future innovations may yield breakthroughs that enable reliable DNA extraction even from a minute quantity of samples