FIRST-TIME OBSERVATIONS OF FINE PARTICLE MATTER (PM2.5) AT A RURAL SITE IN SOUTH INDIA – A CASE STUDY

For the first time, atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations were measured using a low-cost particulate sensor in Bhimavaram (16.55oN; 81.52oE; 17 m above MSL), a rural site and coastal station in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The study utilized preliminary data collected between April and May 2023. Throughout this period, PM2.5 concentrations exhibited notable temporal variations, with daily mean levels fluctuating between 5 and 60 μg/m3. Additionally, there were instances of hourly concentrations reaching as high as 100 μg/m3. The diurnal pattern of PM2.5 concentrations revealed a distinct morning peak, a mid-afternoon minimum, and a broad secondary peak in the late evening. The temporal and diurnal variations in PM2.5 concentrations are associated with the local sources (traffic, residential sources), local meteorology, and boundary-layer dynamics. This study provides valuable preliminary data on PM2.5 concentrations in Bhimavaram, highlighting the need for further research to understand the sources, dynamics, and health impacts of air pollution in rural locations.