A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW-: TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT OF COMMON DRUG AND POISON ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY AND ANALYTICAL DETECTION TECHNIQUES TO DETECT IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES- USING INSTRUMENTATION CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIOSENSORS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

The study of drugs and Poisons on human physiology is crucial for Understanding their cause and impact on health and developing effective techniques for detection methods. This Research aims to explore the mechanism by which various substances from prescription medication to environmental toxins interact with biological samples or materials. The investigation focuses on the pathophysiology change induced by these agents including alteration in cellular function, disturbance in metabolic pathways and organ specific damage. This studies also focused on the analytical techniques used for detection these substance in biological sample, Instruments used for this such as, GCMS [ Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy ], LCMS [ liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy ] UV, FTIR, HPTLC can be used. Immunoassays are examined for their effectiveness in identifying and quantifying toxic compounds.