BEHAVIOURAL ASPECTS OF CREDIT INCLUSION OF THE POPULATION

Introduction. The development of retail business encourages the population to receive basic financial services, helping to overcome poverty, expand the economic opportunities of the poorest and most vulnerable segments of the population, and raise the standard of living. Lending to the population, along with settlement and cash and deposit operations, is a component of financial inclusion, which provides skills for sustainable use of banking services, primarily credit services. Thus, consumer lending acts as an important channel for the spread of financial inclusion among the population. Depending on the population's attitude to credit, different models of its credit behavior are distinguished. Lack of public access and involvement in financial products can lead the poor to turn to informal resources such as family and friends, or tend to keep money in cash. This limits the possibilities of increasing capital and complicates the economic development of the country. In order to overcome all these negative points, it is important to understand the motives and reasons for the inclusive behavior of the population regarding the use of credit services. This article is devoted to the study of certain problematic aspects of the formation of inclusive credit behavior of the population. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify models of credit behavior of the population from the standpoint of financial inclusion and to reveal the essential behavioral aspects of credit inclusion of the population. Materials and methods. The materials of the study are: 1) NBU statistical data, CBR survey data together with the International Bureau of Credit Histories (IBCI), GfK Ukraine survey data; 2) works of domestic and foreign authors conducting scientific and practical research in the field of credit behavior of the population. In the process of carrying out the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: theoretical generalization and grouping (to generalize the understanding of financial inclusion, characteristics of models of credit behavior of the population); formalization, analysis and synthesis (to determine the motives and reasons for credit behavior of the population; formation of a portrait of users of credit services); logical generalization of results (formulation of conclusions). Results. The scientific article examines the main conceptual foundations of household credit policy from the point of view of financial inclusion. The dynamics of loans granted to households by banks of Ukraine was analyzed. Four models of credit behavior of the population are identified and characterized: the model of credit exclusivity, the model of informal behavior, the model of formal behavior, and the model of self-exclusion. Of the selected models, it is the model of formal behavior that embodies the main features of financial inclusion in the most comprehensive sense of the latter, which allows us to talk about inclusive credit behavior as a component of financial inclusive behavior. It is noted that the inclusive credit behavior of households is formed under the influence of rational and irrational motives and reasons. It is emphasized that in modern conditions it is expedient to conduct a study of credit behavior of households taking into account economic, behavioral and social aspects. Discussion. Banks, when planning credit service offers, should take into account the transition of the population to inclusive credit behavior and take into account the borrowers' ability to repay the loan. This direction requires further research, namely, the determination of the causes of credit debt for consumer loans from the point of view of behavioral factors of the model of institutional credit behavior and the search for ways to minimize problematic situations of debt repayment.