CURRENT PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMART INDUSTRIES IN THE LEADING COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

Introduction. The modern world is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies, among which smart technologies occupy a leading place. Smart manufacturing, which combines automation, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data (Big Data), artificial intelligence (AI) and other digital tools, is becoming an integral part of the economic development of the world's leading countries. They provide increased production efficiency, lower costs, improved product quality, and more flexible response to changing market conditions. However, despite the significant potential of smart manufacturing, there are a number of current problems that inhibit their development. Among them, we can highlight: technological challenges related to the integration of various systems; personnel issues related to the need for highly qualified specialists; economic aspects caused by the high cost of creating start-up enterprises; social challenges associated with the reduction of jobs in traditional sectors of the economy; regulatory and legal barriers arising from the lack of uniform standards and norms for smart manufacturing. Thus, the study of the current problems of the development of smart industries in the leading countries of the world is important for understanding the ways to overcome these challenges and to develop effective strategies for the introduction of innovations. Purpose. Review and analysis of the concept of “smart production” and a comprehensive analysis of directions and problems of the development of smart production in the leading countries of the world; comparison of approaches to the development of smart manufacturing in different countries using the case studies of the world's leading companies and identification of prospects for their further development. Materials and methods. The research materials are: 1) the works of domestic and foreign authors who conduct their scientific and practical research in the field of digital technology development and the creation of smart industries, directions of their development and the results obtained; 2) research of consulting agencies and professional associations dealing with issues of integration of smart industries into national economies; 3) analysis of data from official websites of companies regarding the implementation of elements of smart production in their operational activities and the results obtained.