ANALYSIS OF THE PRACTICE OF PROVIDING AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD

The article examines the status and legal mechanisms for the formation of social and affordable housing in Ukraine and abroad, assesses them and provides recommendations for improvement. The methodology of the study of social and affordable housing includes analysis of global practices of providing the population with housing, assessment of the domestic regulatory framework and research of housing supply and demand. The main directions of housing policy in the field of expanding social accessibility and improving the living conditions of low-income citizens are considered. It is proved that the implementation of massive modernisation of the existing industrial base of housing construction can ensure the construction of the necessary social housing in the country. An important condition for this is the technical re-equipment of the housing base for the construction of social housing. Further ways of solving problems and prospects for the development of the social housing sector in the interaction of local authorities, business and the public are proposed. Particular attention is paid to the socio-economic significance of this specific area, which includes production and services for the population. It is analysed that the housing market and housing policy of Ukraine differ significantly from the housing market and housing policy of European countries. The main reasons for this situation are given, in particular, an excessive share of privately owned real estate, an outdated housing stock and an absolute lack of regulation of the rental housing market. In addition, there is no targeted housing policy and mechanisms for the functioning of the housing market. The social housing fund is formed through the construction of new housing, reconstruction of existing buildings, conversion of non-residential buildings, free housing, and housing confiscated by court decision or declared ownerless, transfer of shares of living space in new buildings to local governments, and use of private housing on a contractual basis. It is proved that the housing market requires clear legislative regulation and creation of an effective housing policy in the State, which has the right to act as an investor and customer of social housing construction, to simplify the process and reduce its cost by redirecting funds from housing subsidies to the construction of new social housing.