Principles of architectural and planning organization of underground research complexes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47451/cul2024-10-01 The issue of the architectural and planning organization of underground research complexes is a significant criterion of modern urban planning, considering the limited surface areas, the rapid development of scientific fields, and growing urbanization. Designing underground facilities requires a specific safety, functionality, and comfort approach. The article focuses on the principles of architectural and planning organization of underground research facilities. The author has analyzed works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists and considered world analogues of underground laboratory design in Europe and the United States. Based on the analysis, the basic principles of scientific relevance, autonomy, ergonomic compliance, and spatial development are identified. The author discusses the critical characteristics of each principle that affect the optimal conditions for conducting experimental research in physics, astrophysics, geology, biology, and chemistry. The author pays special attention to the issues of isolation from external influences, the organization of an ergonomic environment, and the possibility of adaptation to the complex. The importance of using alternative energy sources to ensure the autonomy of the complex and the use of modular solutions is substantiated. Recommendations for further research are proposed: improvement of automated life support control systems; introduction of innovative materials for insulation; study of ergonomics and psychological comfort of personnel; development of modular solutions for spatial development.