Journal Boliviano de Ciencias: Vol.16 - Nº 49

The versatility of biopolymers, combined with the constant need for alternative materials in orthopedic prosthetics and the growing demand for biocompatible materials, has led scientists to develop Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), which is widely used in orthopedic prosthetics and total hip and knee replacements. This study presents the most relevant characteristics that support its medical applicability, along with the pertinent historical background. This research is dedicated to exploring the uses of UHMWPE, its impact on medicine, and the unique structure and properties that make it stand out, with a particular emphasis on its applications in total joint replacements. The findings are structured based on a literature review of undergraduate research projects, data sheets from companies specializing in its production, and scientific articles related to the topic, through the collection and analysis of the most relevant data. Additionally, information is provided on the methods and procedures for UHMWPE manufacturing, as well as some of the advantages of using this particular polyethylene. Its superior performance, thanks to its mechanical properties, sets it apart from other biopolymers due to its high impact resistance, low friction coefficient, and considerable hardness, placing it among the top choices for orthopedic implant applications.