Enhancement of Performance Parameters Of Transformer Using Nanofluids

Transformer is a soul of both transmission and distribution systems. It performs low voltage to high voltage conversion in transmission lines and similarly high voltage to low voltage conversion in distribution lines. The operation of transformer is decided by the cooling provided to the system. The efficient cooling method is achieved by the use of forced (or) natural oil cooling medium. The oils used for the purpose of coolants are the hydrocarbons of paraffin (or) naphtha based petroleum products. The oil is used as coolant is made from highly refined mineral oil and it has high dielectric strength. During the operation of transformer there occurs temperature variation in the oil which causes reduction in dielectric strength with emissions of dissolved gases like sulphur, moisture etc. The mineral oil used in existing system is the dominant material in use but thermal conductivity is less. The insulating property of transformer provides poor results by the use of oil cooling medium.So, to achieve the best cooling the researchers introduced nano based oil, called “Nanofluids”. A nanofluid has attracted much in the field of research and its wide applications in the field of engineering. It is a mixture of nano-sized solid particles and base fluid. The major role of nanofluids is to improve the electrical, physical and chemical parameters of transformer. There are various varities of nanoparticles which improve the electrical and physical properties of transformer oil; among the various nanoparticles available are alumina particle (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), titanium oxide (TiO2) etc. Then its performance is being checked by simulation and experimental data.