An integrated approach to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - A case study

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a chronic condition that presents in early childhood, affecting the emotional, academic, and social functioning of the child. Objective: Materials and Methods: A 4-year-old boy diagnosed with ADHD presented to the Pediatric OPD department of the teaching hospital, in Mysuru, Karnataka with complaints of hyperactivity, irritability, poor attention, improper social behaviour, and delayed speech for 2 years. Disturbed sleep and poor appetite were the associated features. The clinical presentation was similar to the condition named ‘Unmada' in Ayurveda with the predominance of Vata Dosha (One of the body humors). The management protocol was finalised based on this diagnosis, which included Ayurveda therapies like Snehana (external oleation), Basti (medicated enema), and oral medications along with Occupational and Speech therapies. The treatment duration was 1 year, and there were 3 sittings with an interval of 2-3 months after each clinical visit. The SWAN rating scale was used for the assessment. Purificatory therapies, internal medications, and suitable dietary modifications, as well as speech and occupational therapies, were incorporated. Results: According to the assessment performed before treatment, the patient was evaluated as having combined ADHD, whereas after treatment, the evaluation score falls under the inattentive category of ADHD. Conclusion: The comprehensive approach led to more efficient ADHD management. No adverse effects were reported during or after treatment.