Perspectives on the Impact of Advanced Footwear on Running Performance and Injury: A Review

This review explores the evolution of running from a basic survival skill to a complex sport, highlighting the significant role of advanced footwear in performance enhancement. Running economy, a key determinant of long-distance running success, is influenced by various external factors, including training methods and equipment, as well as individual attributes, such as biomechanics and cardiorespiratory capacity. Recent advancements in high-performance running shoes have shown promise in improving speed and efficiency, as evidenced by record-breaking performance. However, the potential impact of such shoes on natural running mechanics raises concerns regarding health and injury risks. This study examines the characteristics and effects of critical elements in advanced footwear, such as midsole foam and rigid plates to assess their advantages and disadvantages. The findings show that, although these shoes can temporarily enhance performance, proper training and conditioning are crucial for mitigating injury risks, particularly for untrained runners. The footwear industry must balance performance enhancement, injury prevention, and fairness in competition to ensure that technological advancements positively influence runners' health and performance.