An Overview: the Utilization of Plant Extracts as Botanical Insecticides for Brown Planthopper Control

Farmers commonly rely on chemical insecticides for pest control in agricultural practices. However, the continuous use of such insecticides without adherence to proper application standards can negatively affect human health and the environment, and also contribute to the development of pest resistance. Therefore, alternative pest control methods that are both environmentally friendly and safe for human health are urgently needed. The findings indicate that plant extracts contain active compounds such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, rotenone, tephrosin, deguelin, saponins, polyphenols, cyanides, and limonoids (triterpenoids). These compounds can be effectively utilized for botanical pest control. Suitable plants for botanical insecticide development should be readily available, non-toxic to the environment and non-target organisms, and should exhibit both high effectiveness and efficiency.