Enterprise Life Cycle as a Factor of Investment Attractiveness in Economic Turbulence Conditions

The article examines the relationship between enterprise life cycle and investment attractiveness under economic turbulence conditions of 2020-2025. A systematic analysis of theoretical foundations of organizational life cycles is conducted, from classical models of Greiner and Adizes to modern quantitative methods of Dickinson. Empirical analysis is based on data from 351 Pakistani companies and 5,800 American enterprises, confirming U-shaped dependence of investment efficiency on development stage: from -0.0315 at introduction stage to 0.0431 at maturity stage. The asymmetric impact of economic turbulence on enterprises at different stages is revealed: median survival is 27-35 days for introduction stage versus 55-65 days for mature organizations.