An environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach: obtaining lubricants from waste oils

The relevance of the problem of regeneration, recycling and reuse of waste technical oils is due to modern trends in technological development, tightening of legal regulation in the field of industrial waste management, as well as the need to implement the principles of resource conservation and sustainable nature management. The aim of the study is to develop and justify an integrated technological approach to the regeneration of waste oils, aimed at restoring the performance characteristics of products while ensuring environmental safety and economic feasibility. The object of the study is waste technical oils, modern processing methods, as well as the range of commercial lubricants obtained on their basis, taking into account the areas of their industrial application. The methodology is based on a systems approach that combines environmental, economic and technological aspects. The paper considers the features of the composition and properties of waste technical oils, the transformation of their physicochemical characteristics under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors. Potential risks of hydroecological pollution, soil and environmental disturbances and anthropogenic impact on the human body in case of violation of disposal rules are identified. The study analyzes waste oil regeneration methodologies based on fundamental and modern approaches. Membrane technologies are highlighted, which represent an innovative cleaning method using highly selective filter elements that allow deep refining of oil at the molecular level. The article describes the production of commercial lubricants from waste oils, the processing stages, and the sequence of process operations. The environmental and economic benefits of recycling are determined, and the problems and prospects for the development of the industry are identified. The integrated approach covers the integrating principles of environmental safety and economic feasibility. The results of the analysis confirm that the regeneration of waste oils into lubricants is a sustainable solution that contributes to the formation of a closed resource management cycle.