Colonial Roots and Climate Crisis: Contextualizing Environmental Deterioration in Amitav Ghosh’s The Nutmeg’s Curse

The climate crisis is often perceived as a modern phenomenon, driven by industrialization and consumerism. However, Amitav Ghosh's The Nutmeg's Curse: Parables for a Planet in Crisis (2021) challenges this prevailing narrative by tracing the origins of environmental degradation back to the colonial era. This paper conducts a critical analysis of Ghosh's work, positing that the exploitation of natural resources and indigenous populations during colonialism established enduring patterns of violence and extraction that persist in the modern world. Through the examination of the nutmeg trade in the Banda Islands of Indonesia, Ghosh elucidates how the commodification of nature and the marginalization of indigenous knowledge systems have contributed to the current ecological crisis. The paper explores three key concerns in Ghosh's work: i) the role of colonialism as a foundational cause of environmental degradation, ii) the suppression of indigenous knowledge systems and their critical role in addressing ecological challenges, and iii) the portrayal of the climate crisis as a continuation of colonial violence. This paper underscores Ghosh's advocacy for a paradigm shift away from exploitative practices and towards a more reciprocal relationship with the natural world. The paper concludes that the climate crisis can be effectively addressed not only through advancements in technology and policy but also through a comprehensive examination of the historical legacies of colonialism and a rethinking of humanity's position within Earth's ecosystems.